The manager of a trading business. He or she is responsible for the positions, risk and ultimate profitability of that business. In a registered securities firm, the head trader supervises all traders and other personnel within his or her purview. Most notably, the head trader is charged with insuring regulatory and internal compliance for every employee who is part of the trading operation (i.e., not just traders). Any head trader in a securities operation with supervisory and/or approval responsibilities must be a registered principal, meaning they must hold all the basic securities licenses and possess one of the following: a series 4, 9, 10, 23, 24, 51 and/or 53 license. The exact principal exams required depend on the scope of the head trader’s responsibilities. In smaller firms, there may only be one or two head traders, but in large firms there are frequently many head traders, each in charge of a specific market. The head trader for municipal securities, for example, would have, at a minimum, a series 53 license. Different licenses apply for futures and commodities trading operations. A registered options principal, for example, will hold a series 4 license.
概述非传递博弈是一个通过多种策略得到一个或者更多“循环”选择的博弈。在非传递博弈中，如果策略A优于策略B，策略B优于策略C，并不能推导出策略A优于策略C。 [1] 例子非传递博弈的雏形是剪刀、石头、布。在概率博弈（probabilistic games）中，比如Penney's game，以一种更微妙的方式违反传递律，常常被表述为一个概率悖论（probability paradox）。 非传递博弈 图：非传递博弈典型——剪刀、石头、布 目录 1参考资料 参考资料 ↑ Martin Gardner, "The Colossal Book of Mathematics", W.W. Norton & Company (2001).
什么是消极投资 消极投资是指对主体功能的发挥起着辅助作用，但对效益的提高起限制作用的投资。 例如，在建设领域，用于设备购置的投资，因其形成生产能力是积极投资，而用于建筑工程和其他工作的投资是消极投资；在流通领域，直接用于商品的购买、销售、挑拨和存储的投资是积极投资，而用于商品广告、推销的投资是消极投资；从整个社会经济生活来看，用于生产、建设、流通和服务的投资是积极投资，而用于会议、参观和访问等方面的投资是消极投资。因此，对任何一个国家来说，都应该提高积极投资的比重。 目录 1消极投资的理论基础 消极投资的理论基础 消极投资的理论基础是建立在有效市场假说基础上的随机漫步理论，相对于价值投资或者趋势投资，更大程度上表现出“由市场的不断发展获利”。主要表现形式为投资指数基金。
A limited partnership or stock offering with no stated investment goal for the funds that are raised from investors. In a blind pool, money is raised from investors, usually trading on the name of a particular individual or firm, but few restrictions or safeguards are in place for investor security. May also be called "blank check underwriting" or a "blank check offering". Blind pools are often a product of late-stage market rallies, when investors and financiers tend to become more greedy than prudent. Many fraudulent deals in the 1980s and 1990s gave blind pools a bad name. Sometimes these pools are born and later dissolved without making a single investment - but the managers or general partners still make off with hefty fees.Some of the largest and most-respected Wall Street firms have underwritten blind pools. However, this backing aside, investors should be very cautious of any investment without a stated objective.
The currency abbreviation or currency symbol for the Kazakhstan tenge (KZT) is for the currency of Kazakhstan. The tenge is made of 100 tiyn and is often presented with the symbol (__). The name of the currency denotes a set of equal scales. |||The tenge was first seen in 1993, replacing the Russian ruble. The first tenge coins were actually minted in Germany, and a mint for paper currency began operation within the country in 1995. This mint printed a new, much more decorative series of banknotes in 2006.
A price level that, if reached, will trigger an order to sell an underlying security. Hard stops are set at a constant price and are inherently good until cancelled. A hard stop is used to protect the downside of holding an investment by always being active, and is only triggered once the price reaches the specified stop level. A hard stop is placed in advance of an adverse move and remains active until the price of the underlying security moves beyond the stop level. Many traders will choose to set a hard stop once the price of their investment becomes profitable and will leave the order active until it reaches the price target.
A rider attached to a life or health insurance policy. AD&D covers death by accidental means (rather than natural causes) and dismemberment, which includes loss of the use of certain body parts (including limbs or eyesight.) These riders are usually written in such a way that the insurer must pay double the amount payable otherwise, or a specific amount of continous income payments, and are sometimes called double indemnity riders. AD&D insurance is often offered by employers as an extra option on group health plans. |||It is important to carefully check the terms of AD&D policies. For example, if you are injured in an accident that later turns out to be fatal, the death must occur within a certain amount of time. To qualify for 100% of the dismemberment insurance, the injury may have to involve the loss of two limbs or both eyes. There is a schedule that lays out what percentage of the total will be paid for so-called partial dismemberment, such as the loss of one limb or the sight in one eye. Overall, AD&D is a limited policy that will be useful to a small percentage of people, so be sure to read the fine print in advance so that you understand exactly what is covered, and under what time frames.
什么是红筹上市 红筹上市是指公司注册在境外，通常在开曼、百慕大或英属维尔京群岛等地，适用当地法律和会计制度，但公司主要资产和业务均在我国大陆。对投资者发行股票并且在香港联交所上市，在禁售期结束后，所有股票都可以流通。 与H股上市相比，香港证监会对于红筹形式上市的规定较为宽松，上市费用也更低；另外，上市后再次集资的能力也更强——企业上市半年后，便可发行新股再集资；更为重要的是，以红筹股形式上市，原有股东套现比H股要容易得多(在香港主板上市，大股东在上市6个月后，可出售其招股章程中所列载、由其实际拥有的股份)。 同时，高管对于内地企业股权的“偏好”也是这种趋势形成的一种推动力量。国资委对于MBO的谨慎与高管收购企业股权的冲突，使得到境外寻求红筹上市成为一种最佳选择。因为同海外公司一样，红筹上市企业管理层可以享受全部认股权权益，而且股份还可以全部流通。 红筹上市的类型 红筹上市也分为红筹主板和红筹创业板。 1、红筹主板：主要以国有背景的企业为主，但其中也有一些民营企业。 2、红筹创业板：众多内地民营企业在香港上市方式主要以红筹上市为主，更多的企业是以红筹创业板形式。 从创业板转到主板上市：公司盈利和规模不大的中小型科技企业在创业板上市，通过从创业板筹集资金，迅速发展壮大，当达到主板上市的标准时，可以以介绍上市形式从创业板转到主板上市。 红筹上市程序的构架例示 假设甲先生与乙先生共同投资拥有一家公司A，其中甲占注册资本的70%，乙占注册资本的30%，现甲乙希望在香港红筹创业板上市，基本方案可设计如下： 1、甲乙按照在内地公司的出资比例在英属维尔京群岛设立BVI公司B。按照香港合并法会计，收购方和被收购方在合并前后不可有任何的股权变动。因此只要收购方即BVI公司B和被收购方内地公司A拥有完全一样比例的股东，在收购后，内地公司的所有运作基本上完全转移到BVI公司B中。在这种情况下，内地公司过去2年的业绩、资产及负债，可包括在BVI公司的合并报表中。 2、BVI公司B与甲乙进行股权转让，收购他们拥有的内地公司A的股权，则内地公司A变为BVI公司B的全资子公司。 3、BVI公司B在开曼群岛或百慕大群岛注册成立一家离岸公司作为日后在香港挂牌上市的公司，即上市公司C。 4、BVI公司B将其拥有的内地公司A的全部股权转让给上市公司C 以上框架搭好后，就能以上市公司C的名义申请在香港上市，一般来讲，可以在上市公司与内地公司之间再多设立一家公司，以利于将来内地公司具体经营发生变更或股权变动时不至影响上市公司的稳定性，起到一个缓冲的作用。 因为从设立离岸公司到申请红筹上市是一环扣一环紧密相联的一系列行为，为了节约时间成本和更为严谨地规范每一个步骤，建议选择有经验的机构进行合作。
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