In some states in the U.S. (and in the United Kingdom), a tax imposed on those who inherit assets from a deceased person. The tax rate for inheritance taxes depends on the value of the property received by the heir or beneficiary and his/her relationship to the decedent.

Inheritance tax is known in some countries as a "death duty" and is occasionally called "the last twist of the taxman's knife".

Inheritance tax is not the same as estate tax, which is imposed on the total value of a person's estate when that person dies. Rather, inheritance tax is imposed on the property that is passed to an heir.