Income derived from domestic production that qualifies for reduced taxation. More specifically, qualified production activities income is the difference between the manufacturer's domestic gross receipts and aggregate cost of goods and services related to producing the domestic goods. This reduced tax is intended to reward manufacturers for producing goods domestically instead of overseas. |||The IRS mandates that any domestic manufacturer of goods can exclude 6% of all income derived from goods production from income taxation in 2008 and 2009. The tax-free rate for QPAI increases to 9% in 2010. This type of income does not include revenue generated from the restaurant industry, electricity or natural gas production or real estate transactions.
概述 出口押汇是指信用证受益人(出口押汇申请人)向我行(被授权出口贴现议付银行)提交信用证及其项下全套单据,并质押给我行,我行审核通过后,向受益人提供短期融资并保留对受益人追索权的业务。 出口贴现是指我行有追索权地买进已承兑的远期票据,为客户办理贴现业务。在办理贴现业务后,客户即可将远期资金变为即期资金,同时将相关的信用风险化解。贸易融资项下的贴现业务通常限于远期信用证项下已经承兑的汇票。 在哪些情况下宜选择出口贴现: 1、远期承兑信用证项下的远期汇票被银行承兑后,您如因临时资金周转困难而需要短期的资金融通,则宜选择出口贴现。 2、远期承兑信用证项下的远期汇票被银行承兑后,您如遇到新的投资机会,且预期投资收益率高于贴现利率,则宜选择出口贴现。出口贴现一、业务简介 如果客户是出口商,我行可有追索权地买进已承兑的远期票据,为客户办理贴现业务。在办理贴现业务后,客户即可将远期资金变为即期资金,同时将相关的信用风险化解。贸易融资项下的贴现业务通常限于远期信用证项下已经承兑的汇票。二、基本操作流程 1. 出口商在出运货物后,填写《出口贴现申请书》。 2. 出口商将全套出口单据交给我行,并提供近期财务报表及进出口合同、营业执照等证明材料。 3. 在国外开证行发来承兑电后,我行扣除利息及有关费用,将余款支付给出口商。三、为什么选择工行 1. 我行将经我行某些重点代理行为开证行的出口贴现业务纳入低风险出口贴现业务处理,经办行不受审批权限和授信额度的限制。 2. 对符合条件的我行贸易融资重点客户,我行核有出口押汇(含贴现)客户授信额度,在核度内可直接办理,无须经过信贷审查。这样,能很好地满足客户对高时效的要求。四、典型案例 出口商A公司按照花旗银行开来的金额为800万美元,期限为提单后90天的远期信用证出运货物后,将全套单据交给我行E分行,并要求办理融资业务。该分行将单据寄往花旗银行后,花旗银行向我行开来承兑电,承诺到期付汇。由于花旗系我行重点代理行,虽此业务金额超过了出口贴现该分行的业务权限,但该分行仍可办理,即扣除自贴现日至预计收汇日间7天的利息及有关银行费用,将余款支付给出口商。五、客户关心的主要问题 1. 问:出口押汇与出口贴现有何区别? 答:出口贴现系远期信用证项下的融资业务,只有在开证行对远期汇票承兑后方能办理。 2. 问:办理出口贴现业务后,工行是否保留对出口企业的追索权? 答:保留。在开证行拒付的情况下,我行有权向出口企业追索回款项。 3. 问:出口贴现的利率和期限如何计算? 答:利率按同期外汇流动资金贷款利率计算,期限从贴现日起至预计收汇日止。操作要点 出口贴现 1、签订合同时与进口商约定以远期承兑信用证或延期付款信用证或远期承兑交单作为结算方式。 2、需与银行签订正式的出口贴现总协议。 3、开证行/代收行发出承兑通知或承诺付款通知后,需向银行提交贴现申请书。 4、开证行/代收行资信良好,如开证行资信等级较低,但保兑行资信较高,也可办理出口贴现业务。 5、银行不办理无贸易背景的、用于投资目的的票据贴现。优点 1、简化融资手续。银行最愿提供的贸易融资业务,手续最简便。 2、加快资金周转。即期收回远期债权,加快资金周转,缓解资金压力。 3、扩大贸易机会。可为进口商提供远期付款的融资便利,扩大贸易机会。贴现和再贴现 贴现是指银行应客户的要求,买进其未到付款日期的票据,或者说,购买票据的业务叫贴现。办理贴现业务时,银行向客户收取一定的利息,称为贴现利息或折扣。具体程序是银行根据票面金额及既顶贴现率,计算出从贴现日起到票据到期日止这段时间的贴现利息,并从票面金额中扣除,余额部分支付给客户。票据到期时,银行持票据向票据载明的支付人索取票面金额的款项。 (或客户为了加速资金周转,将持有的未到期的票据(如、期票、汇票等)转换成资金使用,为此,将未到期的票据提交给银行,银行按一定规定付给票据持有人一定金额(票据上的金额-按规定利率计算票据提交银行的日期与票据到期日的利息=实付金额)就叫贴现。) 再贴现是商业银行以未到期的合格票据再向中央银行贴现。对中央银行而言,再贴现是买进票据,让渡资金;对商业银行而言,再贴现是卖出票据,获得资金。再贴现是中央银行的一项主要的货币政策工具。中央银行可以通过提高或降低再贴现率来影响金融机构向中央银行借款的成本,从而影响货币供应量和其它经济变量。注意事项 1. 签订合同时与进口商约定以远期承兑信用证作为结算方式; 2. 开证行承兑远期汇票或发出承兑通知后,您需向银行提交贴现申请书; 3. 银行一般不办理无贸易背景、用于投资目的的票据贴现;
A company that is prime for takeover but has not been approached by an acquiring company. A company may be considered a sleeping beauty because it has large cash reserves, undervalued real estate, or huge potential.
A rapid growth in the number of conglomerates, or big corporations made up of many companies spanning multiple and often unrelated fields or industries. The major boom in conglomerate formation occurred in the period following World War II thanks in part to low interest rates, which helped finance leveraged buyouts. Taobiz explains Conglomerate Boom Conglomerates flourished in the 1960s thanks to low interest rates and a market that fluctuated between bullish and bearish, providing good buyout opportunities for acquiring companies. However, when interest rates began to rise again in the '70s, many of the biggest conglomerates were forced to spin off or sell many of the companies they'd acquired, particularly when they'd only done so to raise more loans and had failed to increase the efficiency of the companies they'd absorbed. That said, conglomerates can be advantageous, particularly if the conglomerate is well-diversified. For example, Berkshire Hathaway is a conglomerate holding company that has operated very successfully for years.
基本介绍 一个完整的销售流程应当至少包括售前服务、售中服务和售后服务三个部分。在当前市场环境下,售后服务被放到特别突出的位置,很少有人研究分析销售中的售前服务问题。在整个营销和销售系统链条中,售前服务是营销和销售之间的纽带,作用至关重要,不可忽视。 售前服务是企业在顾客未接触产品之前所开展的一系列刺激顾客购买欲望的服务工作。售前服务的内容多种多样,主要是提供信息、市场凋查预测、产品定制、加工整理、提供咨询、接受电话订货和邮购、提供多种方便和财务服务等。售前服务的主要目的是协助客户做好工程规划和系统需求分析,使得我们的产品能够最大限度的满足用户需要,同时也售前服务使客户的投资发挥出最大的综合经济效益。服务意义 1.售前服务是企业经营策略与经营决策之一 如果没有售前服务,企业就会相对缺乏消费者信息,造成市场信息不完全,企业的经营决策也就不理想,甚至走上相左的路线。通过售前服务,我们可以了解消费者和竞争对手的情况,从而设计出符合消费者的产品,可以制定出适当的促销策略,选样就会有事半功倍的效果。 2.售前服务是决定产品销售与企业效益的最基本因素 现在的市场是买方市场,产品供大于求,消费者有充分的选择余地 如果企业的售前服务没有做好,消费者根本就不会理会你的产品;如果没有好的售前服务——高质量的产品,消费者在使用产品时就会麻烦不断,再好的售后服务也不能从根本上解决问题,从而导致人们不会购买该产品。总之,一切问题都应该解决在产品销售之前。因此,优质的售前服务是产品销售的前提和基础,是提高企业经济效益的关键。 3.加强售前服务可以扩大产品销路,提高企业的竞争能力 企业通过开展售前服务,加强双方的了解,为消费者创造购买产品的条件,消费者也就信任该企业及产品,从而也就愿意购买;赢得消费者的支持,赢得市场,也就是提高了企业的竞争能力。服务策略提供情报,服务决策 提供情报,是售前服务的首要目标,它具有双重性,一方面沟通企业和顾客的联系,售前服务流程为企业提供目标市场的顾客的有关情报,引导企业开发新产品,开拓新市场,另一方面,通过沟通企业和顾客的联系,企业可以为目标市场的顾客提供有关情报,让顾客更好地了解企业的产品或服务,诱导消费。许多企业或企业家正是成功地运用了提供情报的策略,从而使企业作出了准确的经营决策,开拓了新的市场。突出特点,稳定铺售 突出特点,既是售前服务的功能,也是售前服务:勾有效策略。在同类产品竞争比较激烈的情况下,许多产品只有细微的差别,消费者往往不易察觉。企业通过富有特色的一系列售前服务工作,一方面可以使自己的产品与竞争者的产品区别开来,树立自己产品或劳务的独特形象;另一方面可以使消费者认识到本企业产品带给消费者的特殊利益,吸引更多拘消费者。这样,就能创造经营机会,占领和保持更多的市场。 突出特点常用的一种方法是广告宣传。在广告宣传上要做到互不雷同,表现自己的特色,就要正确地把握和表现产品的不同特点,深入了解并针对消费者的需求心理进行广告策划。 公众关系是突出特点的又一种有效方法。企业通过一系列的公关活动,如宣传企业经营宗旨,举办社会性赞助活动等,来显示企业某一方面的行为,塑造企业某一方面的特别形象,以求得公众的理解和赞誉,赢得顾客。解答疑问,引发需求 企业要在剧烈竞争中,不断开拓新的市场,吸引更多的顾客,就要解除顾客的后顾之优,一般的顾客在决定购买某一种产品而尚未决定购买某种品牌之前,在很大程良上取决于顾客对某种品牌熟悉的程度。因此顾客在购买决策之前,就要搜集该品牌产品的性能、结构、技术、功能等情报,甚至要求掌握产品的操作使用规则或技巧。企业只有满足了顾客的这些供其决策之用的情报需要,才能使他们从准顾客转化成现实的顾客。
Income tax that is deferred because of discrepancies between a company's tax return and the tax calculated on the company's financial statements. Future income tax occurs when there is a greater amount of deductions on taxable income than on the net income that is calculated on a company's income statement. In simple terms future income tax is an adjustment accounting for the difference between what the company has already paid in taxes on the current income and what they will have to pay in the future for this income. This difference occurs because companies are taxed by government in a different way than from the way they calculate tax on their accounting records.
A death benefit that is paid to the surviving spouse of a deceased employee. If the employee dies before retirement, the qualified pre-retirement survivor annuity is paid to recompense the surviving spouse for the loss of retirement benefits that would have otherwise been paid to the employee. As the name implies, QPSAs are paid only for qualified plans. |||Qualified pre-retirement survivor annuity benefits must be offered by all types of qualified plans to vested participants, including defined-benefit plans and money-purchase plans. However, the spouses must have been married for at least a year in order to be eligible for benefits. ERISA mandates how the payments for a QPSA should be calculated. Both employee and spouse must sign off on a waiver of QPSA benefits and have it witnessed by either a notary public or authorized plan representative.
出口议付(Export Negotiation)是指银行根据客户(出口商)的要求,以提交以其为受益人的信用证及信用证项下全套单据为条件,将该套出口单据项下应收货款(扣除议付利息费用)先行解付给客户,然后凭单据向开证行索汇的融资行为。