The market in which participants are able to buy, sell, exchange and speculate on currencies. Foreign exchange markets are made up of banks, commercial companies, central banks, investment management firms, hedge funds, and retail forex brokers and investors. The forex market is considered to be the largest financial market in the world. Watch: Forex Market Basics |||Because the currency markets are large and liquid, they are believed to be the most efficient financial markets. It is important to realize that the foreign exchange market is not a single exchange, but is constructed of a global network of computers that connects participants from all parts of the world.
A monetary policy tool in which a central bank takes an active participatory role in influencing the monetary funds transfer rate of the national currency. Central banks, especially those in developing countries, intervene in the foreign exchange market in order to build reserves, stabilize the exchange rate and to correct misalignments. The success of foreign exchange intervention depends on how the central bank sterilizes the impact of its interventions, as well as general macroeconomic policies set by the government. |||Two difficulties that central banks face is determining the timing and amount of intervention, as this is often a judgment call rather than a cold, hard fact. The amount of reserves, the type of economic trouble facing the country and the ever changing market conditions makes taking the best course of action difficult. Foreign exchange interventions can be risky in that they can undermine a central bank's credibility if it fails to maintain stability. Defending the national currency from speculation was a precipitating cause of the 1994 currency crisis in Mexico, and was a leading factor in the Asian financial crisis of 1997.
An association of banks specializing in the foreign exchange activities in India. The Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India, which was created in 1958, regulates the governing rules and determines the commissions and charges associated with the interbank foreign exchange business. |||FEDAI determines many of the rules that overlook the day-to-day forex transactions in India. In addition to rule setting, FEDAI assists member banks by acting as an advisor and assists with the training of personnel. The association is responsible for accrediting India's foreign exchange brokers and announcing the exchange rates to its member banks.
An agreement to make a currency exchange between two foreign parties. The agreement consists of swapping principal and interest payments on a loan made in one currency for principal and interest payments of a loan of equal value in another currency. The Federal Reserve System offered this type of swap to several developing countries in 2008. |||The World Bank first introduced currency swaps in 1981 in an effort to obtain German marks and Swiss francs. This type of swap can be done on loans with maturities as long as 10 years. They differ from interest rate swaps because they also involve principal.
A country's exchange rate regime where its currency is set by the foreign-exchange market through supply and demand for that particular currency relative to other currencies. Thus, floating exchange rates change freely and are determined by trading in the forex market. This is in contrast to a "fixed exchange rate" regime. |||In some instances, if a currency value moves in any one direction at a rapid and sustained rate, central banks intervene by buying and selling its own currency reserves (i.e. Federal Reserve in the U.S.) in the foreign-exchange market in order to stabilize the local currency. However, central banks are reluctant to intervene, unless absolutely necessary, in a floating regime.
A point when traders shift from having more long positions to having more short positions. |||This can be a very effective tool for determining the trend of a certain currency. A shift from long to short positions indicates that the market's bullish outlook on a specific currency could be coming to an end.
The type of account a forex trader opens with a retail forex broker. Forex accounts come in many forms, but the first that is opened is often the forex demo account. |||After the trader has tried out demo accounts with a few different dealers, a funded account would be the next step. Mini accounts, full accounts and managed accounts are the most common types of funded accounts. Mini accounts are similar to full accounts except that currency is traded in lots of 10,000 rather than 100,000. This allows for lower mandatory initial deposits and greater customization of risk management. Is is important for currency traders to consider what they want to get out of their accounts before deciding on the type to open. Demo accounts and mini accounts are great for the retail forex trader to learn a profitable system and get used to the broker's execution methods. For currency speculators who doesn't want to trade themselves, a managed account may be a better option.
The market in which currencies are traded. The forex market is the largest, most liquid market in the world with an average traded value that exceeds $1.9 trillion per day and includes all of the currencies in the world. Watch: Forex Market Basics |||There is no central marketplace for currency exchange; trade is conducted over the counter. The forex market is open 24 hours a day, five days a week and currencies are traded worldwide among the major financial centers of London, New York, Tokyo, Zürich, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris and Sydney.The forex is the largest market in the world in terms of the total cash value traded, and any person, firm or country may participate in this market.
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