背书人的义务 通过背书方式转让汇票的主要目的是要在转让人和受让人之间建立起权利义务关系。作为转让人的背书人一旦在汇票上签名，他就要承担以下两项义务： (1)须对包括被背书人在内的所有后来取得该汇票的人保证该汇票必将得到承兑或付款。 (2)须保证在他以前曾在该汇票上签名的一切前手的签字的真实性和背书的连续性。背书连续，是指在票据转让中，转让汇票的背书人与受让汇票的被背书人在汇票上的签章依次前后衔接。 目录 1背书人和被背书人的关系 背书人和被背书人的关系 背书人是被背书人的债务人，被背书人是背书人的债权人。
A trade type used on an buy or sell order. It tells the broker not to decrease the limit price on buy-limit and sell-stop orders on the record date of a cash dividend. |||When a stock goes ex-dividend the price is usually reduced by the amount of the dividend.
A mutual fund that tends to perform well or better than the overall market during weak market conditions. Foul weather funds are created with downward market moves in mind where the goal of the fund is to limit or benefit from the effects of downward moves in the market. While there is no set criteria of what investments a foul weather fund is made up of, they often invest in stocks with lower volatility, such as blue chip stocks, which historically hold up well during a weak market. These funds will also typically look to invest in stocks and other assets that have a strong negative or zero correlation to the stock market.
The risks associated with ineffective, destructive or underperforming management, which hurts shareholders and the company or fund being managed. This term refers to the risk of the situation in which the company and shareholders would have been better off without the choices made by management. Management risk refers to the chance that company managers will put their own interests ahead of the interest of the company and shareholders. An example of this is the recent scandals with Enron, Worldcom and other large companies, whose managers acted in a manner that eventually bankrupted the companies and destroyed shareholder wealth. Management risk also applies to investment managers, whose decisions and actions may divert from the investors' wishes or reduce the value of an investment portfolio.
A type of option whose payoff is set to a specified fixed price if the final asset price is below the strike price; if not, the payoff is set to zero. Cash-or-Nothing options are typically european style options.
什么是股票评价 股票评价是对股票的对股票投资价值和投资风险的总体评估。 股票评价的主要方法是计算其价值，然后和股票市价比较，视其低于、高于或等于市价，决定买入、卖出或继续持有。 目录 1股票评价的基本模式 2股票评价与股票评级 股票评价的基本模式 股票评价的基本模式： 式中： P0──目前普通股市价；Dt──t年的股利；Rs──贴现率即必要的收益率；t──年份； 其中Dt的多少取决于每股盈利和股利支付率两个因素；贴现率可以根据股票历史上长期的平均收益率确定，也可以参照债券收益率加上一定的风险报酬率确定，更常见的方法是直接使用市场利率。 股票评价与股票评级 股票评价通常被定义为对股票投资价值和投资风险的总体评价,而股票评级则是依据对股票投资价值和投资风险的判断给出其投资级别。考虑到都是对股票投资价值和投资风险的评价或评级,实际上两者从其内容和方法上来讲是一致的。但是,从其结果表现形式来看,前者没有一定的严格形式,后者有一定的严格形式,其结果表现为一定的投资级别。如美林公司将股票简单地分为"买进、中性与卖出",以及摩根士丹利将股票分为"增持、中性与减持"。因此,我们可以认为,前者强调的是一种过程和内容,而后者强调的则是一种结果和形式。 目前,在追求结果准确的刺激下,股票评价过程与方法越来越复杂,而股票评级的结果表现却越来越简单。特别是在网络泡沫破灭后,众多投资者的指责迫使国外一些有名的证券咨询机构都倾向于给投资者一个最简单的评级结果。 如果我们关注于股票的投资价值,那么我们可以将股票评价(或股票评级)称之为股票价值评价(或价值评级)。当然,如果仅局限于公司的财务分析,可称之为财务评价(或财务评级)。对于股票的投资风险,通常应该将它区分为市场风险与财务风险(或系统风险与非系统风险)。市场风险是指股票价格随市场波动而带来的风险,财务风险是指公司财务状况反映出的因公司经营问题带来的风险。总体而言,绝大多数的评价者(或评级者)往往给出的是一种综合性评价或评级,也就是说,评价或评级结果反映的是股票投资价值和投资风险两个方面的综合情况。
The currency abbreviation for the Solomon Islands dollar (SBD), the currency for the Solomon Islands. The Solomon Islands dollar is made up of 100 cents and is often presented with the symbol $ or SI$ to set it apart from other dollar-based currencies. |||The Solomon Islands dollar replaced the Australian dollar (AUD) at a rate of 1:1 in 1977, and was pegged at SI$1.05 to AU$1 for five months before being allowed to float freely. However, inflation has moved the value of the Solomon Islands dollar away from the Australian dollar.
A theory from managerial accounting that relates to just-in-time (JIT) inventory (where a company only receives goods as they are needed to cut down on inventory costs) and production management. The idea behind DRIFT is that management wants all of the processes that make up the JIT philosophy to be done correctly and efficiently so there are no delays in the production process. |||The importance of DRIFT arises from the fact that a JIT production system is heavily reliant on the movement of parts and information along the production process. Subsequently, if there is the slightest error at one of the stages of production the whole production process will be affected. By "doing it right the first time" a company is able to run a smooth production process without needing to carry excessive inventory and greatly diminish the costs of production.
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