Two currencies with exchange rates that are traded in the retail forex market. The rates of exchange between foreign currency pairs are calculated as the factor by which a base currency is multiplied to yield an equivalent value or purchasing power of foreign currency. The currency exchange rates of foreign currency pairs float, meaning that they change continually based on a multitude of factors. Watch: Forex Quotes |||For example, the currency pair EUR/USD, or "eurodollar," represents the number of U.S. dollars that can be bought with one euro. As the value of the EUR increases, the currency pair exchange rate will also increase.By going long the EUR/USD foreign currency pair, the currency trader is speculating that the value of the euro will increase in relation to the U.S. dollar. Alternatively, when a forex trader shorts the EUR/USD currency pair, he or she is speculating that the value of the U.S. dollar will increase in relation to the euro.
The abbreviation for the euro and U.S. dollar (EUR/USD) pair or cross for the currencies of the European Union (EU) and the United States (USD). The currency pair tells the reader how many U.S. dollars (the quote currency) are needed to purchase one euro (the base currency).Trading the EUR/USD currency pair is also known as trading the "euro". Watch: Forex Quotes |||The value of the EUR/USD pair is quoted as 1 euro per x U.S. dollars. For example, if the pair is trading at 1.50 it means that it takes 1.5 U.S. dollars to buy 1 euro.The EUR/USD is affected by factors that influence the value of the euro and/or the U.S. dollar in relation to each other and to other currencies. For this reason, the interest rate differential between the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Federal Reserve (Fed) will affect the value of these currencies when compared to each other. When the Fed intervenes in open market activities to make the U.S. dollar stronger, for example, the value of the EUR/USD cross could decline, due to a strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the euro. The EUR/USD tends to have a negative correlation with the USD/CHF and a positive correlation to the GBP/USD currency pairs. This is due to the positive correlation of the euro, the Swiss franc and the British pound.
The outsourcing of currency risk management to a specialist firm, known as the overlay manager. This is used in international investment portfolios to separate the management of currency risk from the asset allocation and security selection decisions of the investor's money managers. |||The overlay manager's hedging is "overlaid" on the portfolios created by the other money managers, whose activities continue unaffected.
A contract that grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period of time. For this right, a premium is paid to the broker, which will vary depending on the number of contracts purchased. Currency options are one of the best ways for corporations or individuals to hedge against adverse movements in exchange rates. |||Investors can hedge against foreign currency risk by purchasing a currency option put or call. For example, assume that an investor believes that the USD/EUR rate is going to increase from 0.80 to 0.90 (meaning that it will become more expensive for a European investor to buy U.S dollars). In this case, the investor would want to buy a call option on USD/EUR so that he or she could stand to gain from an increase in the exchange rate (or the USD rise).
The historical values of a base currency in relation to the values of other foreign currencies. Historical currency exchange rates provide the day trader with a historical reference to where a currency pair has traded in relation the currency with which it is paired. The technical analyst relies heavily on interpreting historical information for predicting future price movement. |||Historical data for currency exchange rates is a valuable tool for those looking to convert their currencies. Whether for speculative reasons, as in the case of the retail forex day trader, or for the converter looking for physical delivery, as in the case of a person going on an international vacation, knowing what rate you are getting today compared to currency exchange rates of the past is a valuable planning tool.Many retail forex brokers provide this information for free, but others charge a nominal fee for this data. Be sure to do your own research before deciding where to get your historical currency exchange rate data.
A line graph that displays the intraday movements of a given security. This contrasts to longer term charts, such as those that show a security's movement over a period of days, months or even years. |||Daily charts display all of the price movement for the period and are typically used by day traders to implement short-term strategies.Because the forex operates 24 hours a day, there is technically no stoppage of trading between one trading day and the next as there is in other markets. As a result, the convention is to consider a forex day to be from 5pm EST to the same time on the following day, and most daily charts are displayed this way.
The official currency of Germany until it adopted the euro in 2002. D-mark is an abbreviation of Deutsche Mark, whose official currency code is DEM. The sub-unit of the D-mark was the pfennig, with each Deutsche mark divided into 100 pfennig. |||The D-mark was first issued in 1948, replacing the Reichsmark, when the Allies occupied Germany after World War II. With the introduction of the euro, the European Central Bank fixed the irrevocable exchange rate for the D-mark at 1.95583 per euro, effective January 1, 1999.
The ISO 4217 currency code for the Czech koruna, the official legal tender for the Czech Republic. The Czech koruna (CZK) has been the official currency of the Republic since February 8, 1993, when it replaced the Czechoslovak koruna. The Republic planned to adopt the euro as its official currency in 2012, but opposition halted that move in 2007. |||The Czech National Bank (headquartered in Prague) issues the Republic's currency. It mints coins in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 koruna denominations and prints banknotes in 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 5,000 denominations. The currency market, also known as the foreign exchange market, is the largest financial market in the world.