A type of loan that uses an investment portfolio as loan collateral and the proceeds of which can not be used to purchase, carry or trade securities. This type of loan allows investors access to funds without having to sell their investments. Regulations require financial institutions to disclose whether a loan is a non-purpose or purpose loan, and borrowers are required to indicate the purpose of the loan. With a non-purpose loan, investors continue to receive the benefits of their portfolio holdings, such as dividends, interest and appreciation. If the value of the pledged securities declines, however, the lender may require that additional securities be put up as collateral or that part of the loan be repaid to make up for the decrease in collateral. This type of borrowing is considered an alternative to traditional margin borrowing because it allows multiple investment accounts to be used to secure a loan.
A series of algorithms that attempt to identify underlying relationships in a set of data by using a process that mimics the way the human brain operates. Neural networks have the ability to adapt to changing input so that the network produces the best possible result without the need to redesign the output criteria. The concept of neural networks is rapidly increasing in popularity in the area of developing trading systems. At one point in time, it would have seemed impossible to make a system that would be able to adapt to changing markets, but recent developments in technology have now made having these types of systems a reality.
The first stock exchange in America that was completely electronically automated. All members of the exchange are registered broker-dealers. This exchange created the National Securities Trading System (NSTS), which performs all auction market tasks on an automated basis. The National Stock Exchange was originally founded in Cincinnati in 1885. It was formerly known as the Cincinnati Stock Exchange, but moved to Chicago in 1995 and changed its name in 2003. The National Stock Exchange can also refer to stock in India or Australia.
An electronic marketplace where National Association of Securities Dealer (NASD) members could execute trades, communicate, and receive quotations on stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (Amex). Formerly known as "Nasdaq's third market", Nasdaq Intermarket used Nasdaq's Computer Assisted Execution System (CAES) to connect buy and/or sell orders. Nasdaq announced its intentions to withdraw from the Intermarket Trading system in 2005. Nasdaq Intermarket competed for retail stock orders with regional exchanges such as the Chicago Stock Exchange (CHX) and the Boston Stock Exchange (BSE). By connecting several stock exchanges, the intermarket system gave traders access to additional buyers and/or sellers, increasing liquidity and competition.
The dollar value being invested into a particular security by an investor. An investor's account size and risk tolerance should be taken into account when determining appropriate position sizing. Position sizing basically refers to the size of a position within a particular portfolio, or the dollar amount that an investor is going to trade.
The monetary return experienced by a holder of a portfolio. Portfolio returns can be calculated on a daily or long-term basis to serve as a method of assessing a particular investment strategy. Dividends and capital appreciation are the main components of portfolio returns. Portfolio returns can be calculated through various methodologies such as a time-weighted and money-weighted returns. However, the overall return must be compared to the required benchmarks and risk of the portfolio as well.
A highly illegal practice occurring mainly on the internet. A small group of informed people attempt to push down a stock by spreading false information and rumors. If they are successful, they can purchase the stock at bargain prices. Poop and scoop is the opposite of pump and dump.
PIMCO is a global investment management firm that primarily focuses on portfolio management, account management and business management. PIMCO specializes in fixed income securities and manages the internationally known Total Return Fund. PIMCO was founded in 1971 by Mohamed A El-Erian and bond expert Bill Gross. The firm has grown to be one of the largest asset management firms in the world, with approximately $1 trillion of assets under management.
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