An approach taken by a company that does not want to be taken over. The company issues a large number of bonds with the condition they must be redeemed at a high price if the company is taken over. Why is it called Macaroni Defense? Because if a company is in danger, the redemption price of the bonds expands like Macaroni in a pot!
A company-classification system for stocks developed by Dow Jones and FTSE. The Industry Classification Benchmark (ICB) is a system that classifies both domestic and international stocks. Every company has a place in the ICB, which has a four-tier, hierarchical industry-classification structure. The ICB uses a system of 10 industries, partitioned into 18 supersectors, which are further divided into 39 sectors, which in turn contain 104 subsectors. |||The principal aim of the ICB is to categorize individual companies into subsectors based primarily on each company's major source of revenue. The ICB is adopted by stock exchanges representing over 65% of the world's market capitalization.The ICB competes with the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) for equities, which was developed jointly by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) and Standard & Poor's. In practice, most of the same sector and industry designations exist in both standards.
The currency abbreviation for the Samoan tala (WST), the currency for Samoa. The Samoan tala is made up of 100 sene and is often presented with the symbol WS$, but is also represented by SAT, ST or T. The words "tala" and "sene" are Samoan equivalents to the English words "dollars" and "cents". |||In 1967, the Samoan tala replaced the pound at a rate of 2 tala to 1 pound. This made the tala equivalent to the New Zealand dollar. The tala remained at parity with the New Zealand dollar until 1975.
The possibility that an investor will make a misguided investment decision based on published investment fund return data that are unrealistically high because a company’s poorly performing funds are closed and their returns are not included in the data. The danger is that the investor will not achieve the returns he anticipates because he has based his decision on incomplete and misleading information. Survivorship bias risk is one of many reasons why investors should not rely too heavily on past returns to make their investment decisions. Other types of risk that investors might encounter are non-reporting bias risk (the danger that overall returns are misstated because some funds, likely the poorly performing ones, decline to report their returns) and instant history bias risk (the possibility that fund managers may choose to report performances to the public only when they have established a track record of success with a fund, while leaving out unsuccessful funds). In addition to past performance, investors should consider factors such as cost, risk, after-tax returns, volatility, relationship to benchmark performance and more.
A commonly used metaphor for doing the simplest or easiest work first. In sales, it means a target that is easy to achieve or a problem that is easy to solve. It refers to the sale of consumer products or services that are easier to sell. A low-hanging fruit presents the most obvious opportunities because they are readily achievable and do not require a lot of effort. An example is when sales professionals new to the field tend to seek out the easiest customers to sell to first. These customers are considered "low hanging fruit." A low-hanging fruit is also a strategy a company implements in order to boost sales quickly. However, there are usually only so many low hanging fruits, and once those have been "picked," the company has to put in more effort to achieve results.
An older set of standards stating how particular types of transactions and other events should be reflected in financial statements. In the past, international accounting standards (IAS) were issued by the Board of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC). Since 2001, the new set of standards has been known as the international financial reporting standards (IFRS) and has been issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). |||IASC has no authority to require compliance with its accounting standards. However, many countries require the financial statements of publicly-traded companies to be prepared in accordance with IAS.
The feeling or tone of a market (i.e. crowd psychology). It is shown by the activity and price movement of securities. For example, rising prices would indicate a bullish market sentiment. A bearish market sentiment would be indicated by falling prices.
An option strategy created by selling an in-the-money put at the same time as an in-the-money call. By entering into this position, the investor, receiving a large premium up-front, hopes that the options expire worthless.