The 183-day rule is part of the "substantial presence test" used by the Internal Revenue Service to determine if a person, who is a dual taxpayer, will have to pay taxes in the United States. It is commonly used by aliens to establish residency in the United States. The determining factor is whether the number of days on which the person was present in the United States exceeds 183 days. The United States has tax treaties with other countries that contain a provision for resolution of conflicting claims of residence. The Internal Revenue Code section that contains the definition of the "substantial presence test" and the relevant multiplier is 26 IRC 7701(b)(3)(A)(ii).
A theory on how risk-averse investors can construct portfolios to optimize or maximize expected return based on a given level of market risk, emphasizing that risk is an inherent part of higher reward.Also called "portfolio theory" or "portfolio management theory." |||According to the theory, it's possible to construct an "efficient frontier" of optimal portfolios offering the maximum possible expected return for a given level of risk. This theory was pioneered by Harry Markowitz in his paper "Portfolio Selection," published in 1952 by the Journal of Finance. There are four basic steps involved in portfolio construction:-Security valuation-Asset allocation-Portfolio optimization-Performance measurement
A method of identity theft carried out through the creation of a website that seems to represent a legitimate company. The visitors to the site, thinking they are buying something from a real business, submit their personal information to the site. The criminals then use the personal information for their own purposes, or sell the information to other criminal parties. A classic example of phishing is an identity thief setting up a website that looks like it belongs to a major bank. Then, that thief sends out many emails that claim to be from the major bank and request the email recipients to input their personal banking information (such as their PIN) into the website so the bank may update their records. once the scammer gets a hold of the needed personal information, they attempt to access the victim's bank account.
The sum-of-parts value of a publicly traded company. This value is derived by analyzing each business segment of a company independently. This is usually applied to large cap stocks that are likely to operate in several different markets or industries. A breakup value analysis may be brought about by investors if the market cap of the stock is less than the breakup value for a prolonged period of time. Taobiz explains Breakup Value If a company is performing poorly, or the stock has not kept up to the perceived level of "full value", investors may call for the company to be split apart, with proceeds returned to investors as cash, stock in spun-off companies, or a combination of both. Investors can also calculate a breakup value on a perfectly healthy company as a way to determine a potential floor for the stock, or a potential entry point for a prospective buyer. In order to accurately calculate a company's breakup value, detailed data is needed on the revenue, earnings and cash flows for each distinct operating unit of the company. From there, relative valuations based on publicly-traded industry peers can help to derive a value for the segment as a spun off stock.
A term used in finance that refers to a splitting of something into two separate pieces. Generally, this term is used to refer to the splitting of a security into two separate pieces for the purpose of complex taxation advantages. However, it is also used to describe two divergent conditions when analyzing or evaluating market situations.
A region encompassing approximately 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The MENA region accounts for approximately 6% of the world’s population, 60% of the world’s oil reserves and 45% of the world’s natural gas reserves. Due to the region’s substantial petroleum and natural gas reserves, MENA is an important source of global economic stability. |||Many of the 12 OPEC nations are within the MENA region. While there is no standardized list of which countries are included in the MENA region, the term typically includes the area from Morocco in northwest Africa to Iran in southwest Asia and down to Sudan in Africa. The following countries are typically included in MENA: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, West Bank and Gaza, and Yemen. Ethiopia and Sudan are sometimes included.
A slang term describing the police action of parading an arrested suspect in handcuffs before the media. Short for "perpetrator walk," this is a practice with which many people disagree, considering these re-staged arrests to be merely media spectacles that violate the suspects' rights. Both former head of Adelphia, 78-year-old John Rigas, and ex-WorldCom CFO Scott Sullivan turned themselves in when they were being investigated. Despite their requests, law enforcement still invited the media to watch the former executives being handcuffed and hauled in.
A type of trader who uses technical analysis to find potential trading opportunities, identifying situations where the price of an asset is likely to experience a substantial movement over a short period of time. Breakout traders generally look for key levels of support and resistance and will place transactions when the asset's price passes through these levels. Long positions are taken when the price of an asset breaks through a level of resistance, and short positions are taken when the price breaks below a level of support. Taobiz explains Breakout Trader Many breakout traders find trading opportunities by identifying chart patterns such as channels, ascending triangles, descending triangles, head and shoulders, etc. These types of traders will generally set up target prices to be equal to the distance between support and resistance levels.
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