Membership to the NYSE. Owning a seat on the NYSE enables one to trade on the floor of the exchange, as an agent either for someone else (floor broker) or for one’s own personal account (floor trader). The phrase "owning a seat on the exchange" originates in a time before 1871, until which the exchange operated in a 'call-market' fashion, which means stocks were traded individually. With this type of trading, each member would sit in an assigned seat and participate in the buying and selling of desired stocks as they were called for trading.
The time period between the completion of a company's balance sheet and the announcing of the results to the public. Taobiz explains Close Period Typically occurring for the two months preceding an earnings announcement, the close is a period during which insiders are not permitted to transact a company's shares.
A policy provided by private mortgage insurers to protect lenders against loss if a borrower defaults. Most lenders require PMI for loans with loan-to-value (LTV) percentages in excess of 80%. This allows the borrower to make a smaller down payment of as low as 3%, instead of about 20%, and usually requires an initial premium payment and possibly an additional monthly fee depending on the loan's structure. |||Keep track of your payments on the principal of the mortgage. When you reach 80% equity, notify the lender that it is time to discontinue the PMI premiums. To make it easier, lenders are now required to tell the buyer at closing how many years and months it will take for them to pay 20% of the principal to cancel PMI. However, U.S. law does allow lenders to continue requiring PMI all the way down to 50% equity for so-called high-risk borrowers. Traditionally, loans considered high risk include reduced documentation loans, in which customers provide less proof of income and other information during the approval process. Loans for people with poor credit histories and higher debt-to-income ratios also fall into this category.
The hobby of collecting antique bonds, stocks and other financial instruments based on their esthetics and prominence in the financial world. This is very similar to collecting coins or stamps, but instead collectors buy old stock certificates.
A way of reimbursing employees who use their own or leased vehicles for work-related activities. FAVR payments must be made at least quarterly. Certain restrictions on how and how much the vehicle must be used to qualify for the FAVR allowance are set forth and enforced by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). An FAVR allowance includes two payment types: periodic fixed payments, and periodic variable payments. The periodic fixed payment includes fixed costs associated with driving and owning the vehicle, including depreciation, insurance and taxes. The total costs for these expenses are calculated and then adjusted to reflect the percentage of time the vehicle is used for business purposes. The periodic variable payment includes operating costs, such as gasoline, oil changes, tires and routine maintenance.
The theory that a company's stock price will move according to the demands and goals of investors in reaction to a tax, dividend or other policy change affecting the company. The clientele effect assumes that investors are attracted to different company policies, and that when a company's policy changes, investors will adjust their stock holdings accordingly. As a result of this adjustment, the stock price will move. Taobiz explains Clientele Effect Consider a company that currently pays a high dividend and has attracted clientele whose investment goal is to obtain stock with a high dividend payout. If the company decides to decrease its dividend, these investors will sell their stock and move to another company that pays a higher dividend. As a result, the company's share price will decline.
A private investment firm's, mutual fund's or other qualified investors' purchase of stock in a company at a discount to the current market value per share for the purpose of raising capital. There are two main types of PIPEs - traditional and structured. A traditional PIPE is one in which stock, either common or preferred, is issued at a set price to raise capital for the issuer. A structured PIPE, on the other hand, issues convertible debt (common or preferred shares). |||This financing technique is popular due to the relative efficiency in time and cost of PIPEs, compared to more traditional forms of financing such as secondary offerings. In a PIPE offering there are less regulatory issues with the SEC and there is also no need for an expensive roadshow, lowering both the costs and time it takes to receive capital. PIPEs are great for small- to medium-sized public companies, which have a hard time accessing more traditional forms of equity financing.
A situation where all of the future debt obligations of a government are different from the future income streams. Both of the obligations and the income streams are measured at their respective present values, and will be discounted at the risk free rate plus a certain spread. A vertical fiscal imbalance describes a situation where revenues do not match expenditures for different levels of government. A horizontal imbalance describes a situation where revenues do not match expenditures for different regions of the country. To measure the fiscal imbalance, take the difference between the present value of all future debt and the present value of all income streams. At any given time, there will be a fiscal imbalance for a particular government; a sustained and positive balance will be detrimental to society and the economy. If there is a sustained positive fiscal imbalance, then tax revenues will likely increase in the future, causing both current and future household consumption to fall.
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