A document published by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that details the tax procedures for aliens - individuals that are not citizens of the United States. Not all aliens are subject to U.S. taxes. Resident aliens, those who have been in the country for a defined period of time, are subject to taxation on their worldwide income just as citizens are. Non-resident aliens are only taxed on income earned within the United States, as well as on certain types of international income. The most important aspect of IRS Publication 519 is its definition of a taxpayer's status as either a non-resident alien or a resident alien using the Substantial Presence Test, as the applicable tax rules are based on that status. Tax payers may also be considered as dual-resident aliens, and should also determine the tax status of any spouse.
A market capitalization-weighted stock index of 50 large, blue-chip European companies operating within eurozone nations. The universe for selection is found within the 18 Dow Jones EURO STOXX Supersector indexes, from which members are ranked by size and placed on a selection list. Taobiz explains Dow Jones EURO STOXX 50 The largest 40 stocks on the selection list are automatically chosen for the EURO STOXX 50. Any grandfathered index components receive next priority, then stocks ranked between 41 and 60 are chosen to reach the final number of 50 stocks in the index. The index is reconstituted annually and the weightings updated once per quarter to account for changes in market caps. The EURO STOXX 50 closely resembles the Dow Jones STOXX 50 in methodology and construction, with the exception that only companies who have fully transitioned to the euro currency can be members of the EURO STOXX 50. As such, U.K.-based companies are excluded even though many large multinationals trade on the London Stock Exchange.
A market capitalization-weighted stock index containing 50 of the most liquid and largest companies operating in Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC nations). The index uses the Dow Jones Global Indexes as its stock universe for the four nations, which cover approximately 95% of the market capitalization on local exchanges. Fifteen positions are targeted for each Brazil, Russia and China, while Russia's representation is targeted for five positions. Taobiz explains Dow Jones BRIC 50 Index Selection for the index is based on a ranking system that looks equally at free-float market capitalization and average daily volume. The top 10 ranked stocks in each sub-index are selected, along with a customized selection of five more between the rankings of 11 and 20 (these numbers are prorated for Russia). The index is reconstituted annually and weightings are adjusted quarterly. No single stock can make up more than 10% of the BRIC 50 Index. BRIC investing has become a trendy strategy, as these nations represent large, developing economies that are becoming more and more involved in the global economy. China representation is sought only in the offshore market, where H-shares and American Depositary receipts are available on different stock exchanges.
A document published by the Internal Revenue Service that details how members of the clergy or other religious workers are to pay Social Security and Medicare taxes. These two types of taxes are collected through either the Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA) system or the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) system, but not both. IRS Publication 517 indicates which forms of income are subject to SECA and which are subject to FICA rules. Whether or not a religious worker is covered under SECA or FICA depends heavily on the type of religious order. For example, religious workers who work for an organization in which a vow of poverty is taken are exempt from SECA, and are thus covered by FICA. A religious worker who does not take a vow of poverty is not exempt from FICA, and is thus covered by SECA. Since SECA is for self-employed workers, different rules apply to how net earnings are treated.
A market capitalization-weighted index of Asia/Pacific stocks designed to capture the blue-chip leaders of the region. The stock universe is the Dow Jones Asia/Pacific Index, from which the 50 largest Japan-based and 50 largest non-Japan based stocks are selected. The two lists of 50 stocks are given final rankings based 60% on market cap, 20% on current revenues and 20% on current net income levels. The top 25 members are then chosen from each list for the Asian Titans Index, half of which will be made up of Japan-based companies. Taobiz explains Dow Jones Asian Titans 50 Index The index is reconstituted annually, with quarterly weighting updates to account for changes in market capitalization in the member stocks. Japan is often a large component of any Asia/Pacific index due to the maturity of its economy and stock exchange.The country dominates the top ranks of the Asian Titans 50 Index.
A document published by the Internal Revenue Service that details the income tax requirements for United States citizens working for the government in a foreign country. Tax rules applying to U.S. citizens working abroad are fairly similar to those followed by citizens working at home, though some expenses are treated differently. The filing date for the tax return is April 15th. U.S. citizens are taxed on their worldwide income. Those working in territories considered U.S. possessions - Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands - are not subject to the guidelines in IRS Publication 516, and should use IRS Publication 570 (Tax Guide for Individuals with Income from U.S. Possessions).
A composite index that measures changes within the 65 companies that make up three Dow Jones averages: the 30 stocks that form the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), the 20 stocks that make up the Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA) and the 15 stocks of the Dow Jones Utility Average (DJUA). The Dow Jones 65 Composite, like the three sub-indexes, is price-weighted. Taobiz explains Dow Jones 65 Composite Average All of the Dow Jones averages are price-weighted indexes. For this type of index, stocks with higher prices will influence the direction of the average more than lower prices, regardless of the actual size of the company. Most broad market indexes are market-cap weighted, such as the Nasdaq-100 and Standard & Poor's 500. The combination of the Dow Jones Industrial, Transportation and Utility averages used to be a broad measure of the U.S. economy, as those sectors were once the lion's share of economic production. This is no longer the case, as industries such as healthcare, technology and finance now include some of the largest companies in the world. While the DJIA has, in recent years, included some modern companies in its "industrial" average (such as Microsoft and Intel), most of the Dow Jones 65 stocks are focused in old-line businesses, and do not appear to represent a broad measure of economic performance.
A document published by the Internal Revenue Service that provides guidance to businesses who pay income to foreign workers. The document applies to tax withholding for foreign individuals, businesses, trusts and organizations. Publication 515 outlines the personnel responsible for withholding tax (referred to as withholding agents), the type of taxes subject to withholding and how withholding is to be conducted. Tax withheld from a foreign worker is referred to as non-resident alien, or NRA, withholding, and is different from regular income tax withholding. Unlike resident aliens and U.S. citizens who are taxed on worldwide income, non-resident aliens are subject to taxation on income from U.S. work. The typical withholding percentage is 30%, although exemptions are allowed, which can lower this percentage.