A company's debt, such as bonds, long-term notes payables or debentures that will mature in more than one year or one business cycle. This type of debt is classified as funded debt because it is funded by interest payments made by the borrowing firm over the term of the loan.Funded debt is synonymous with "long-term debt". |||Funded debt is one form of financing a company can use to finance its long-term capital projects, such as the addition of a new product line or the expansion of operations. The firm may also use short-term financing to fund its long-term operations. This exposes the firm to a higher degree of interest rate and refinancing risk, but allows for more flexibility in its financing.
The main stock exchange where a publicly traded company's stock is bought and sold. Having a prestigious primary listing, such as the New York Stock Exchange, lends a company credibility and makes investors more likely to purchase its shares. In addition to its primary listing, a stock may also trade on other exchanges. A company might want to do this to increase its liquidity and ability to raise capital. Taobiz explains Primary Listing In order to be listed on more than one exchange, a practice called "dual listing" or "cross listing," the company must meet the requirements to be listed on the other exchange(s), such as company size and share liquidity. Cross listing would, for example, allow a multinational corporation to trade not just on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), but also on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). If the company does not continually meet an exchange's listing requirements, it will be delisted from that exchange.
Debt securities that are issued or guaranteed by a sovereign government. Government paper of a nation is usually perceived as the least risky debt securities in that country, and will offer investors the lowest yields compared with debt of a similar maturity issued by other entities in that nation. |||Risk perceptions of government paper issued by different nations vary widely depending on a number of factors including credit rating, default history, political stability etc. U.S. government paper is considered to be among the safest investments and practically risk-free.
A financial investment whose price is based directly on its market value. Examples of primary instruments include stocks, bonds, certificates of deposit, bills and anything else that has its own value. By contrast, the price of derivative instruments, such as options, swaps and futures, is based on the value of their underlying assets. Taobiz explains Primary Instrument While the markets have established hundreds of instruments to facilitate the flow of capital and the management of risk, primary investments like stocks are what most beginning investors think of when they think about investing. This is because investing in primary instruments requires only basic knowledge of markets and investment principles. A non-primary instrument would be something like a call option, which gives the owner the right to purchase the underlying stock at a certain price. So, if the price of the stock goes up, the call option's value also goes up. The call's value is based on the value of something else so it is not a primary instrument.
The most important stock exchange in a given country. Common characteristics of a primary exchange include a long history, primary listings of the country's top companies, listings of many important foreign corporations, large total market capitalization and a large trade value. A country may have other important stock exchanges in addition to its primary exchange. Taobiz explains Primary Exchange For example, the United Kingdom's primary exchange is the London Stock Exchange. It was founded in 1801 and has a daily volume of approximately $2 trillion. The NYSE is, of course, the primary exchange of the United States. Other primary exchanges include the following: Canada – Toronto Stock Exchange Japan – Tokyo Stock Exchange China – Shanghai Stock Exchange India – Bombay Stock Exchange
A strategy used by the Federal Reserve to receive the highest return on securities. The Federal Reserve solicits bids/offers from the primary dealers to receive the best deal whether it be for buying, selling, reversals or repurchase agreements. |||This strategy applies to all forms of U.S. Treasury Bills, Treasury Bonds, etc. In soliciting to the primary dealers (institutions that are permitted to deal new issues of government bonds), the Federal Reserve System is able to obtain the highest possible returns.
One of two methods for categorizing shares outstanding. The other method is fully diluted earnings per share (EPS). The term "basic EPS" is more commonly used instead of "primary EPS." Basic EPS is the simpler method to categorize outstanding shares, as it uses the number of shares currently available for trading. To calculate basic EPS, divide net income by the number of shares outstanding. Taobiz explains Primary Earnings Per Share (EPS) Diluted EPS is more complicated to compute, but it is considered more conservative because it takes into account all the outstanding convertible shares, warrants and options that could potentially be converted to shares that are able to be traded. If none of these financial instruments are outstanding, diluted EPS and primary EPS will be equal. EPS can be calculated in many different ways depending on the accounting methods and assumptions the company uses; investors taking EPS into account in any decision-making process should understand how the EPS figure they are using was calculated.
The original sale of a new security issue (bonds or stocks) from a company to investors/shareholders. Proceeds from a primary distribution are sent directly to the issuing company. All bond offerings are considered primary distributions. Also sometimes referred to as a "primary offering". Taobiz explains Primary Distribution A "secondary distribution" is the opposite of a primary distribution and refers to an occurrence where an existing shareholder sells a block of previously-issued stock and takes the proceeds from the sale. A company only receives funds for a primary distribution, or IPO; the stock continues to trade after the initial offering, but the funds are exchanged between buyers and sellers.
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