An index that measures stock prices on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). This capitalization-weighted index lists all firms that are considered to be under the 'first section' on the TSE, which groups all of the large firms on the exchange into one pool. The second section groups all of the remaining smaller firms. |||The TOPIX is believed to be more representative of the Japanese stock markets than the Nikkei because of the more fair representation of price changes and the inclusion of all the largest companies on the exchange.Currently, about 1,600 first section companies are listed on the TSE, along with 500 second section companies.
A slang term denoting the market segment of young urban professionals. A yuppie is often characterized by youth, affluence and business success. Coined in the 1980s, the term yuppie was used as a derogatory title for young business people who were considered arrogant, undeservedly wealthy and obnoxious. Yuppies were often associated with wearing high fashion clothing, driving BMWs and gloating about their successes. The term has become less of a stereotype and now promotes the image of an affluent professional.
A practicing professional who helps individuals prepare a retirement plan. A retirement planner identifies sources of income, estimates expenses, implements a savings program and helps manage assets. Estimating future cash flows and assets is also a central part of a retirement planner's work. He or she may use a web-based calculator or software program that will predict future cash flows and assets based on the data entered. Although most retirement planners deal with the financial aspects of planning for retirement, some planners also deal with the non-financial aspects, including how to spend one's time in retirement, where to live and when to quit work, to name just a few. Today, retirement planners rely heavily on web-based calculators and retirement-planning software, but, like any kind of forecast, the information produced is only as good as the data used. The plan created by a retirement planner is in no way a complete predictor of retirement spending or income needs, but it is a good starting point.
A method of crystallizing capital losses by selling losing positions and purchasing companies within similar industries that have similar fundamentals. Investors can circumvent the IRS "wash sale rule" and utilize tax benefits of capital losses by selling securities that they are losing money on and buying others that have very similar characteristics. By tax swapping there is the presence of basis risk since the stock being sold and the stock being purchased are typically not identical and will react to different market factors individually.
A metric used to measure a company's ability to meet its debt obligations. It is calculated by taking a company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) and dividing it by the total interest payable on bonds and other contractual debt. It is usually quoted as a ratio and indicates how many times a company can cover its interest charges on a pretax basis. Failing to meet these obligations could force a company into bankruptcy.Also referred to as "interest coverage ratio" and "fixed-charged coverage". |||Ensuring interest payments to debt holders and preventing bankruptcy depends mainly on a company's ability to sustain earnings. However, a high ratio can indicate that a company has an undesirable lack of debt or is paying down too much debt with earnings that could be used for other projects. The rationale is that a company would yield greater returns by investing its earnings into other projects and borrowing at a lower cost of capital than what it is currently paying to meet its debt obligations.
A group of investment products available to anyone as a conservative means of saving for retirement. A RIF is generally a mutual fund that is well diversified in large and mid-cap stocks and bonds. A RIF balances its portfolio to allow for moderate gains using a conservative approach to attempt to retain value while providing income to investors. Retirement income funds are actively managed funds that are intended to provide conservative, moderate growth for assets tucked away for retirement purposes, such as IRAs. There is no special tax treatment for these funds despite their name; they are treated as normal mutual fund investments. As a mutual fund, they are exposed to market risk and are, therefore, not a guaranteed retirement income - although they are invested conservatively. Some types of retirement income funds pay out regular distributions, such as monthly or quarterly. This type of fund usually has a required minimum investment and will incur fees similar to other mutual fund products.
A unit of measure for weight that dates back to the Middle Ages. Originally used in Troyes, France, the troy ounce was used when dealing with precious metals. One troy ounce is equal to 31.1034768 grams. |||The troy ounce is the only measure of the troy weighting system that is still used in modern times. It is used in the pricing of metals such as gold, platinum and silver. When the price of gold is said to be US$653/ounce, the ounce being referred to is a troy ounce, not a standard ounce. There are 14.58 troy ounces in one pound.
A slang term for a young urban professional who cannot afford property. Yupcaps are individuals in their late twenties or early thirties with a post secondary educations and a well-paying jobs who are unable to purchase a property due to factors such as high real estate prices, limited personal savings and limited credit history, all of which can make it difficult to get approved for a mortgage. Yupcaps are a result of rising prices in the North American real estate market, where mortgages and affordable housing are difficult to obtain due to high housing prices. Despite having a steady stream of income in a good paying job, yupcaps often find it extremely difficult to purchase a home in the marketplace. These individuals often need to wait until they build up a larger down payment, purchase a home with another individual, or get help from their parents. Yupcaps' situation contrasts with that of their parents, who could more easily afford their first homes.
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