The American Bankers Association (ABA) is the largest banking trade association in the United States. Founded in 1875, the ABA represents banks of all sizes. The ABA offers a wide range of products and services to its members, in fields such as staff training, insurance, capital management, asset management, risk/compliance and consulting. The nine-digit routing numbers seen on every check originate in a system of bank transit numbers developed by the ABA in 1910. |||The ABA is very active in lobbying Congress on behalf of banking interests. The focus of its lobbying effort in recent years has been the elimination of the tax-exempt status of credit unions. Traditionally, the credit union served a small, highly targeted membership, such as the employees of a company. In recent years, however, credit unions have been able to greatly expand their fields of membership and potential customer pools. Many credit unions now have over $1 billion in assets and rival the size of large banks. The ABA argues that credit unions have become so much like banks that their tax-exempt status is no longer justified.
Liquidation margin refers to the value of all of the equity positions in a margin account. If an investor or trader holds a long position, the liquidation margin is equal to what the investor or trader would retain if the position was closed. If an investor or trader has a short position, the liquidation margin is equal to what the investor or trader would owe to purchase the stock or other trading instrument. Liquidation margin applies to investors or traders who use margin (leverage) to increase the potential profit of a trade. When the equity of a margin account falls below the liquidation margin level requirement, the broker may automatically close any open positions in the account.
A slang term for the uncontested market space for an unknown industry or innovation. Coined by professors W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne in their book "Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and the Make Competition Irrelevant" (2005), blue oceans are associated with high potential profits. In an established industry, companies compete with each other for every piece of available market share. The competition is often so intense that some firms cannot sustain themselves and stop operating. This type of industry describes a red ocean, representing saturated market share, bloodied by competition. To avoid costly competition, firms can innovate or expand in the hope of finding a blue ocean. A blue ocean exists where no firms currently operate, leaving the company to expand without competition.
A market with many bid and ask offers. The market is characterized by high liquidity, low spreads, and low volatility. Changes in supply or demand have a smaller impact on price. A liquid market is the opposite of a thin market.
An organization that supports worldwide excellence in accounting education, research and practice. The American Accounting Association is the primary professional association for accounting academics in the United States. Formed in 1916 under the name American Association of University Instructors in Accounting, it assumed its current name in 1936. It is a voluntary organization comprised of individuals interested in accounting education and research. |||The American Accounting Association publishes The Accounting Review - a journal of abstracts, articles and book reviews that promote accounting education, research and practice; Issues in Accounting Education - a publication of research, commentaries, instructional resources and book reviews to assist accounting faculty, and Accounting Horizons - which includes papers focusing on the study of integration and application. Members of the American Accounting Association have access to these publications and additional newsletters and opportunities to participate in regional and/or special interest groups.
The currency abbreviation or currency symbol for the Lebanese pound (LBP), the currency for Lebanon. The LBP is made up of 100 qirsh or piastres. This currency is also called lira in Arabic or livre in French, and all notes and coins are printed and stamped in both Arabic and French. |||The Lebanese pound was first seen in coin form in 1924 with paper currency following a year later. The LBP officially separated from Syrian currency in 1939 and became linked with the British pound after France was conquered by Germany in 1941. The Lebanese pound was re-linked with the franc after the war, but separated again in 1949.
When a domestic investor purchases a foreign asset and then transfers that asset to a domestic bank branch located offshore. Then, the funds from the foreign asset are transfered into a bank account in the domestic country. The domestic investor usually has a partner transferring assets to the foreign branch on his or her behalf. Blue chip swaps, which were performed in Brazil during the late '90s, were a result of a law that reduced the amount of capital inflow into the country. The law prohibited direct foreign investments in the country's derivative markets, but blue chip swaps allowed this type of investment to continue.
A takeover offer that is intended to be so attractive that very few objections will arise and the takeover will occur swiftly. In German, "blitz" means lightning and "krieg" means war. Thus, a blitzkrieg (lightning war) refers to a surprise offensive that is both powerful and swift and was used to describe World War II bombing raids. To curtail surprise takeovers such as Blitzkrieg Tender Offers and Saturday Night Specials, the Williams Act of 1968 was introduced, placing severe restrictions on tender offers and required disclosure of direct or indirect ownership of 5% or more of any class of equity.
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