Financial con men that are accused of or have commited crimes similar to those of Bernard Madoff. Mini Madoffs tend to orchestrate ponzi or pyramid schemes that are similar in nature to Bernard Madoff's, but are smaller in size and notoriety. In a ponzi scheme, like Bernard Madoff's, investors are promised unusually high returns and early investors receive these returns from the money invested by new investors. The cycle of illegitimate returns can continue until the pool of investors fails to grow. With all schemes of this nature, eventually the infusion of new money dries up and the hoax unravels.
An association created by the private negotiated derivatives market that represents participating parties. This association helps to improve the private negotiated derivatives market by identifying and reducing risks in the market. |||Created in 1985, the ISDA has members from institutions around the world. It was created to improve the private negotiated derivatives market by making it easier for the institutions that deal in the market to network.
率敏感性是指银行资产的利息收人与负债的利息支出受市场利率变化影响的大小,以及它们对市场利率变化的调整速度。如果利率浮动的资产和负债,其利率随市场利率的变化而变化,那么它们就是利率敏感性资产和负债;相反,利率固定的资产与负债就不是利率敏感性的。 利率敏感性分析通过资产与负债的利率、数量和组合的变化来反映利息收支的变化,从而分析它们对银行利息差和收益率的影响,并在此基础上采取相应的缺口管理。 利率敏感性缺口等于一个计划期内商业银行利率敏感性资产与利率敏感性负债之间的货币差额。商业银行通过对利率的预测,可以采用不同的缺口战略,从而实现利涧最大化:如果预测利率上升,可采用正缺口战略;如果预测利率下降,可以采用负缺口战略;如果预测利率不变,则可以采用零缺口战略。
An order to buy or sell at a price set higher than the current market price of the security. Examples of above the market orders include: a limit order to sell, a stop order to buy, or a stop-limit order to buy. Taobiz explains Above The Market This is a strategy that is often used by momentum traders. For example, a stop order would be placed above the resistance level to buy. Should the security's price break through the resistance level, the investor may be able to participate in the upward trend.
什么是资本充实度 资本充实度是指实收资本(股本)和资本公积中的股东入资(如股票溢价等)部分对资产的支持度。 目录 1资本充实度的公式 2资本充实度的影响 资本充实度的公式 资本充实度的影响 资本充实度对于企业开展经营活动及进行债务融资至关重要。资本充实度较高的企业,如果其股东入资的资产结构合理,可以满足基本的生产经营需求,则企业的可持续发展及债务融资前景就有了基本保障;反之,如果企业资本充实度不高,或者财务数据计算的资本充实度较高,但股东入资的资产结构不合理,难以满足基本的生产经营需求,则企业的可持续发展及债务融资前景就较为暗淡。
A term used to describe the returns generated by a given security or portfolio over a period of time that is different from the expected rate of return. The expected rate of return is the estimated return based on an asset pricing model, using a long run historical average or multiple valuation. Taobiz explains Abnormal Return An abnormal return can be either a good or bad thing, as it is merely a summary of how the actual returns differ from the predicted return. For example, earning 30% in a mutual fund that is expected to average 10% per year would create a positive abnormal return of 20%. If, on the other hand, the actual return was 5%, this would generate a negative abnormal return of 5%.
Shares in mainland China-based companies that trade on Chinese stock exchanges such as the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. A-shares are generally only available for purchase by mainland citizens; foreign investment is only allowed through a tightly-regulated structure known as the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) system. Taobiz explains A-Shares Most companies listed on Chinese exchanges will offer two shares classes: A-shares and B-shares. B-shares are quoted in foreign currencies (such as the U.S. dollar) and are open to both domestic and foreign investment (provided that locals set up a foreign currency account), while A-shares are only quoted in Chinese renminbi. A-shares experienced explosive growth in the 2005-2007 period as restrictions preventing investment by Chinese citizens slowly began to peel away. In fact, demand was so high for A-shares that they would trade for much higher valuations than what the same stock could be purchased for on a different exchange. The Peoples’ Republic of China is working to blend the two classes of stock together, and eventually allow direct foreign investment in mainland companies. It is one of many major financial reforms that the advanced economies of the world hope will occur in the next several years; there is a tremendous amount of pent-up demand for Chinese equity, provided that regulations become uniform and reporting requirements are in-line with global standards.
什么是资产转让 所谓资产转让,是指资产所有者为更有效地使用其资产而对部分资产进行调剂处理等经营管理活动。 目录 1 资产转让意义和作用 2 资产转让的形式 3 资产转让的类别 4资产转让的税务处理 5 相关条目 资产转让意义和作用 资产转让是改善经营,提高整体资产产出能力的客观需要。在商品经济条件下,资产产出能力不仅取决于对资产的合理利用,而且取决于资产的优化配置。通过市场组织,适时地调剂和处理陈旧、老化和报废的资产以及因技术进步和产品、工艺调整而闲置不需用的资产,可以减少资产损失,盘活资产存量,优化资产结构,从而提高资产的总体产出效益。 从宏观经济管理的角度积极推进资产转让活动的开展,也有利于调整社会产业结构和企业组织结构,推动资产存量在流动中实现优化配置,从而形成社会资产总量的集约化经营效益。 资产转让的形式 (1)有偿转让 资产作为能够给所有者带来预期收益的特殊财产,只有通过市场,按照价值规律和等价交换的原则,实行有偿转让,才能实现其合理的价值补偿。因此,资产的有偿转让是商品经济条件下资产转让的基本原则。 (2)无偿划拨 资产的无偿划拨是计划经济体制下资产存量流动的一种特殊现象,一般发生在同一所有制的国营企业之间,是行政控制下的资产有计划转移。根据《国营企业固定资产实行有偿调拨的试行办法》,属于下列情况的固定资产,仍可以实行无偿划拨: ①因管理体制、组织机构调整,企业或企业的一部分改变隶属关系的; ②工业改组中企业合并、分设,或生产车间隶属关系改变,部分设备在企业之间进行调整的; ③支援新建工业基础,人员或建制变动,设备随着转移的; ④经国家特殊批准无偿调拨的。 资产转让的类别 资产转让包括有形资产转让和无形资产转让。 (1)有形资产转让 有形资产转让包括企业产权和公司股权的转让。根据交易的内容,可以分为部分产权转让、部分股权转让和整体产权转让、整体股权转让。根据转让的份额大小,又可以分为控股权转让和非控股权转让。 (2)无形资产转让 无形资产转让,包括经营权、品牌使用权、项目开发权、设施冠名权、土地使用权、排污权等。 资产转让的税务处理 1.资产转让所得或损失的税务处理。由于资产转让的主体是企业,因此资产转让产生的所得或损失应并入企业的应税所得额或在税前扣除。 2.资产转让中流转税的处理。 (1)如果纳税人转让的是存货,应按销售额计算缴纳增值税;涉及消费税的消费品还应该缴纳消费税。 (2)如果纳税人转让的是固定资产,按照财税9号文《关于部分货物适用增值税低税率和简易办法征收增值税政策的通知》的规定,一般纳税人销售自己使用过的属于条例第十条规定不得抵扣且未抵扣进项税额的固定资产,按简易办法依4%征收率减半征收增值税。一般纳税人销售自己使用过的其他固定资产,应按财税170号文《关于全国实施增值税转型改革若干问题的通知》第四条的规定执行,即自2009年1月1日起,纳税人销售自己使用过的固定资产,应区分不同情形征收增值税: ①销售自己使用过的2009年1月1日以后购进或者自制的固定资产,按照适用税率征收增值税; ②2008年12月31日以前未纳入扩大增值税抵扣范围试点的纳税人,销售自己使用过的2008年12月31日以前购进或者自制的固定资产,按照4% 征收率减半征收增值税; ③2008年12月31日以前已纳入扩大增值税抵扣范围试点的纳税人,销售自己使用过的在本地区扩大增值税抵扣范围试点以前购进或者自制的固定资产,按照4%征收率减半征收增值税;销售自己使用过的在本地区扩大增值税抵扣范围试点以后购进或者自制的固定资产,按照适用税率征收增值税。此外根据财税9号文的规定,小规模纳税人(除其他个人外)销售自己使用过的固定资产,减按2%征收率征收增值税。所称已使用过的固定资产,是指纳税人根据财务会计制度已经计提折旧的固定资产。需要指出的是,固定资产销售额是含税的,在实际计征时应作调整。例如,某一般纳税人2008年 12月31日以前未纳入扩大增值税抵扣范围试点,现准备出售自己使用过的2008年12月31日前购买的属于征收消费税的机动车,原值 200 万元,已计提折旧 90 万元, 假定固定资产清理费为10 万元,现按 80万元出售该项固定资产。需缴纳增值税为:80/(1+4%)× 4%× 50%=1.54(万元)。 (3)如果纳税人转让的是无形资产或是房屋、建筑物等不动产,则应缴纳营业税。例外的是,据财税191号文《财政部、国家税务总局关于股权转让有关营业税问题的通知》的规定,自2003年1月1日起,以无形资产或不动产投资入股,参与接受投资方的利润分配、共同承担投资风险的行为,不征收营业税;在投资后转让其股权的也不征收营业税。如果转让的是国有土地使用权、地上建筑物及其附着物并取得收入的,则还应就其所取得的增值额缴纳土地增值税。 相关条目 股权转让