The official currency of Mongolia. The tugrik was unveiled on December 19, 1925 as the country's first official currency. Upon introduction it was equivalent to one Soviet ruble. Three years late, in 1928, it replaced other existing foreign currencies in use to become the country’s sole legal currency. Also known as the tögrög and abbreviated as MNT. |||The tugrik is only issued in notes, which are printed in Great Britain. It was initially subdivided into 100 möngö coins, however those coins are no longer minted. Today the highest denomination tögrög note is 20,000 and the lowest value denomination is 10. Mongolbank, the Central Bank of Mongolia, issues the tugrik.
The currency abbreviation for the Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD), the currency for Trinidad and Tobago. The Trinidad and Tobago dollar is made up of 100 cents and is often presented with the symbol TT$ to differentiate it from other currencies that are also denominated in dollars. |||When first introduced in 1898, the dollar was used alongside the Great Britain pound at an exchange rate of TT$1 = 4 shillings and 2 pence. From 1935 to 1950, the Trinidad and Tobago dollar had the same value as the British West Indies dollar, and in 1951 the TTD was replaced with notes of the British Caribbean Territories, Eastern Group. The East Caribbean dollar was replaced at par in 1964 with the Trinidad and Tobago dollar in use today. Unlike in many other Caribbean countries, the Trinidad and Tobago dollar is not pegged, and is allowed to float freely against other currencies.
A program that allows for the quick conversion of currencies based on current exchange rates. A universal currency converter can often be found online and can convert the value of one currency to another, such as dollars to euros. Currency converters are usually free when found online, and are useful when determining how much of your home currency (base currency) you will need to exchange when traveling to a foreign country. |||For example, a U.S. citizen who is traveling to the U.K. would need to exchange U.S. dollars to Great Britain pounds. This is where the use of an online currency converter becomes important. The calculator shows the traveler how much domestic currency is needed to get a predetermined amount of the foreign currency.
A parity condition stating that the difference in interest rates between two countries is equal to the expected change in exchange rates between the countries’ currencies. If this parity does not exist, there is an opportunity to make a profit."i1" represents the interest rate of country 1"i2" represents the interest rate of country 2"E(e)" represents the expected rate of change in the exchange rate |||For example, assume that the interest rate in America is 10% and the interest rate in Canada is 15%. According to the uncovered interest rate parity, the Canadian dollar is expected to depreciate against the American dollar by approximately 5%. Put another way, to convince an investor to invest in Canada when its currency depreciates, the Canadian dollar interest rate would have to be about 5% higher than the American dollar interest rate.
The currency abbreviation for the Vietnamese dông (VND), the currency for Vietnam. The Vietnamese dông is made up of 10 hào and 100 xu, and is often presented with the symbol d. Although the dông is made up of two different subunits, neither have been used in Vietnam for many years. |||The Vietnamese language uses the word "dông" as a term for any currency by adding a country's name before it. For example, Vietnamese-Americans may refer to the U.S. dollar as the "U.S. dông"; "U.S. hào" and "U.S. xu" are sometimes used to refer to the U.S. dime and cent. Therefore, the Vietnamese dong must be referred to as "dông Vietnam" (Vietnamese dông)
A Vietnamese currency previously issued by the Vietnam National Bank. The hao, or hào, is one-tenth of a Vietnamese dong and can be subdivided into 10 xu. Neither the xu or the hao are currently in use in Vietnam. |||The word hao has similar linguistic origins as the Chinese hào, which means one-tenth of a currency unit. It was issued by the Vietnam National Bank (which became the State Bank of Vietnam in 1960) first as bank notes then as aluminum coins. As inflation kicked in, the denominations for the Vietnamese dong became so high that the hao was no longer deemed necessary. For example, a can of Coke cost around 8,000 dong in 2010, which translates to 80,000 hao.
The currency abbreviation for the Venezuelan bolivar (VEB), the currency for Venezuela from 1879 to January 2008. The Venezuelan bolivar was made up of 100 céntimos and was presented with the symbol Bs. The Venezuelan bolivar was replaced with the bolivar fuerte (VEF) at a rate of 1000:1 because the bolivar was so devalued due to inflation. Bolivar fuerte is translated in English as "strong bolivar." |||Initially based on the silver standard (1 bolivar = 4.5 grams (0.1575 ounces) of fine silver) until 1910 when the gold standard came into operation. In 1934, the bolivar became fixed to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 3.914 bolivar to 1 U.S. dollar. The currency remained very stable (when compared to others in the region) until the 1970s, when rampant inflation began to erode its value.
The currency abbreviation for the Uruguayan peso (UYU), the currency for Uruguay. The Uruguayan peso is made up of 100 centésimos and is often presented with the symbol $. Because of the instability of this currency, larger items such as real estate and cars are often priced in U.S. dollars. |||After introducing its first currency (the peso) in 1896, relative stability was enjoyed until after WWI, when inflation began to create economic difficulties in the country. Inflation became very serious in the mid '60s and into the '70s, and the peso was replaced by the nuevo peso (new peso) in 1973 at a rate of 1000:1. After many years of inflation continued, the nuevo peso was once again replaced with the Uruguayan peso we see today, again at a rate of 1000:1.Inflation and monetary instability is so rampant in Uruguay that locals are quite used to the devaluation of their currency. In fact, the short periods of appreciation that the currency sees are referred to as "atraso cambiario," which means "the exchange rate is running late".
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