An unethical (if not illegal) practice of a hedge fund purchasing and then selling securities (usually shares of a mutual fund) after the close of a trading day, but making the transactions appear as though they occurred before the market close. For mutual funds, net asset value is (NAV) determined at 4pm EST (the market close), and it does not change until the market opens again. Hedge funds involved in late-day trading work out a special relationship with a mutual fund that, usually for higher-than-average fees/commissions, allows the hedge fund to buy and sell mutual fund shares after hours but record the trade at 4pm. This practice gives the hedge fund an opportunity to profit when material information affecting the fund is released after the market close. In such cases, because it is stagnant, the NAV may not represent the actual asset value, which won't materialize until the market opens again - at which time late-day traders sell their shares at a profit.
The currency abbreviation for the Taiwan dollar (TWD), the currency for the Republic of China within Taiwan, Pescadores, Kinmnet and Matsu. The Taiwan dollar is made up of 10 jiao, and 100 fen, and is often presented with the symbol NT$. |||TWD is often referred to as the "new Taiwan dollar", which replaced the old one at a rate of 40,000:1 in 1949 in an attempt to end the hyperinflation the country was experiencing.
An option, generally written by a clearing house, whose expiration date, strike price, and exercising style can be modified. A flex option provides flexibility as it can be tailored to meet an investor's specific needs.
A type of open-ended investment fund in which the amount of capital in the fund varies according to the number of investors. Shares in the fund are bought and sold based on the fund's current net asset value. SICAV funds are some of the most common investment vehicles in Europe. A SICAV fund, considered a legal entity, will have a board of directors to oversee the fund. Each individual shareholder receives voting rights and has the right to attend the annual general meetings. The term Société d'investissement à Capital Variable is most well known and used in France, Luxembourg, and Italy where it's called Societa' di Investimento a Capital Variable.
A rider on a variable annuity that allows minimum withdrawals from the invested amount without having to annuitize the investment. The amount that can be withdrawn is based on a percentage of the total amount invested in the annuity. |||In most cases, if you were to access the funds in the annuity you would have to either annuitize it, which creates regular distributions, or face fee penalties. The GLWB allows access to the invested capital, regardless of the performance of the investment, and continues to maintain and invest in the annuity. The percent of the allowable withdrawal will depend on the contract, but can be increased in most cases if the date at which the annuity payments begin is delayed.
A person who has defaulted on his or her debts or has gone bankrupted due to the stock market. The financial use of the term is most commonly used in Europe. A trader or investor who makes poor trades and ends up with heavy losses over time would be considered a lame duck. Often, if a trader goes bankrupt, it is not the result of one bad trade but a long string of them - such a trader is called a lame duck because he or her is ineffective as a trader. (The term lame duck also refers to a politician who has chosen not to seek re-election, is ineligible to run for office again or has lost an election but is still in office until the election winner takes control of the office. The politician is considered a lame duck as he or she is not accountable to the constituency he or she represents.)
A classification used by the financial services industry to denote an individual or a family with high net worth. Although there is no precise definition of how rich somebody must be to fit into this category, high net worth is generally quoted in terms of liquid assets over a certain figure. The exact amount differs by financial institution and region. The categorization is relevant because high net worth individuals generally qualify for separately managed investment accounts instead of regular mutual funds. |||The most commonly quoted figure for membership in the high net worth "club" is $1 million in liquid financial assets. An investor with less than $1 million but more than $100,000 is considered to be "affluent", or perhaps even "sub-HNWI". The upper end of HNWI is around $5 million, at which point the client is then referred to as "very HNWI". More than $50 million in wealth classifies a person as "ultra HNWI". HNWIs are in high demand by private wealth managers. The more money a person has, the more work it takes to maintain and preserve those assets. These individuals generally demand (and can justify) personalized services in investment management, estate planning, tax planning, and so on.
The creation of new and improved financial products through innovative design or repackaging of existing financial instruments. Financial engineers use various mathematical tools in order to create new investment strategies. The new products created by financial engineers can serve as solutions to problems or as ways to maximize returns from potential investment opportunities.
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