英文名称：Employee Contribution Plan 中文名称：员工供款计划一种公司支持型的退休养老计划，公司从员工工资中扣除一部分薪酬作为供款，为员工存入专门的账户，有一些公司还会同时提供相应的供款。A company-sponsored retirement plan where employees make deposits (contributions) to an account. Contributions are deducted from employee's pay; some companies match those payments. Remember, you always own 100% of contributions that you make.
英文名称：Efficient Market Hypothesis 中文名称：有效市场理论／有效市场假说一种针对股票市场的理论，认为市场上的股票价格能够直接体现所有影响股票价格的因素。因而，根据市场历史数据来预测股票未来走势的技术分析是没有意义的。这一理论由尤金·法玛（Eugene Fama）于1970年深化并提出。An investment theory that states it is impossible to "beat the market" because stock market efficiency causes existing share prices to always incorporate and reflect all relevant information. According to the EMH, stocks always trade at their fair value on stock exchanges, making it impossible for investors to either purchase undervalued stocks or sell stocks for inflated prices. As such, it should be impossible to outperform the overall market through expert stock selection or market timing, and that the only way an investor can possibly obtain higher returns is by purchasing riskier investments. Although it is a cornerstone of modern financial theory, the EMH is highly controversial and often disputed. Believers argue it is pointless to search for undervalued stocks or to try to predict trends in the market through either fundamental or technical analysis.Meanwhile, while academics point to a large body of evidence in support of EMH, an equal amount of dissension also exists. For example, investors, such as Warren Buffett have consistently beaten the market over long periods of time, which by definition is impossible according to the EMH. Detractors of the EMH also point to events, such as the 1987 stock market crash when the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) fell by over 20% in a single day, as evidence that stock prices can seriously deviate from their fair values.
An early estimate of the Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for a country, designed to provide an accurate advance indication of the final Services PMI data. As the flash PMIs are among the first economic indicators for each month, providing evidence of changing economic conditions ahead of comparable government statistics, they can have a significant effect on currency markets. Service PMIs are published monthly by Markit Economics in conjunction with sponsors, and are based on surveys of over 400 executives in private sector service companies. The surveys cover transport and communication, financial intermediaries, business and personal services, computing & IT and hotels and restaurants.As each response received is weighted by the size of the company, responses from larger companies have a greater impact on the final index numbers than replies from smaller companies. An index level of 50 denotes no change since the previous month, while a level above 50 signals an increase or improvement, and below 50 indicates a decrease or deterioration.
词义 boomerang ['bu:məræŋ] n. 飞去来器；自食其果的行为；回飞棒 1.boomerang it is! 真是自食其果啊！ 2.The strategies in Xizang result in what I call boomerang aid . 中国在西藏的策略导致了我所称的“回飞式援助”（boomerangaid）。 3.The danger is that when demand does bounce back , prices will boomerang far higher because the supply cushion has shrunk . 这样做的潜在危险是当需求出现回升时，由于供应面的缓冲作用下降，油价会大幅冲高。 投资 An American slang term that refers to an adult who has moved back in with his or her parents (who are part of the baby boomer generation) instead of living independently. The phrase, when applied to an individual, makes reference to the fact that the person lived independently for a period, but subsequently returned home due to the financial costs associated with maintaining a separate household. While boomer parents may be pleased emotionally to have their boomerangs back in the household, boomerangs can often pose a significant financial burden on their parents. This can result in a reduction in retirement savings for the boomerang's parents, leaving them with the decision to either postpone their own retirement or have their children help out with the household expenses.Other countries have adopted similar slang to represent this domestic phenomenon. In Italy, the term "mammon", or "mama's boys" is used, while the Japanese refer to them as "parasaito shinguru", or "parasite singles". In the U.K., children boomeranging back home has given rise to the acronym KIPPERS (or kids in parents' pockets eroding retirement savings).
裸期权（Naked Option）裸期权又称无保护期权、无掩护选择权，是指期权卖方本身并未持有期权标的资产的期权，如股票看涨期权卖方本身并没有持有期权相应的股票。 An option position where the buyer or seller has no underlying security position. Naked options are very risky. Profits are huge if the underlying asset moves in the direction desired by the investor. On the other hand, a writer of a naked option can lose big if the underlying asset moves in the opposite direction.
英文名称：Balanced Fund 中文名称：平衡基金一种均衡投资于债券和股票、货币市场等风险程度不同的金融产品，以求既获得稳定收益，又能捕捉成长机会的基金。e.g. Huaxia global selected stock fund and Southern global enhanced balanced fund.A fund that combines a stock component, a bond component and, sometimes, a money market component, in a single portfolio. Generally, these hybrid funds stick to a relatively fixed mix of stocks and bonds that reflects either a moderate (higher equity component) or conservative (higher fixed-income component) orientation. A balanced fund is geared toward investors who are looking for a mixture of safety, income and modest capital appreciation. The amounts that such a mutual fund invests into each asset class usually must remain within a set minimum and maximum. Although they are in the "asset allocation" family, balanced fund portfolios do not materially change their asset mix. This is unlike life-cycle, target-date and actively managed asset-allocation funds, which make changes in response to an investor's changing risk-return appetite and age, or overall investment market conditions.
英文名称：Default Risk 中文名称：违约风险公司或个人未能履行合约义务的风险，多指债券发行人在债券到期时无法还本付息而使投资者遭受损失的风险。 The risk that companies or individuals will be unable to make the required payments on their debt obligations. Lenders and investors are exposed to default risk in virtually all forms of credit extensions. To mitigate the impact of default risk, lenders often charge rates of return that correspond the debtor's level of default risk. The higher the risk, the higher the required return and vice versa. Standard measurement tools to gauge default risk include FICO scores for consumer credit, and credit ratings for corporate and government debt issues. Credit ratings for debt issues are provided by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs) such as Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch Ratings.
An increase in the value of one currency in terms of another. Currencies appreciate against each other for various reasons, including capital inflows and the state of a country's current account. Typically a forex trader trades a currency pair in the hopes of currency appreciation of the base currency against the counter currency. Currency traders have to take into account appreciation when making a trade, since a long-term currency option contract might see its value decline if the value of the underlying currency adjusts. Additionally, as a currency appreciates it becomes more expensive to buy that country's exports. This can cause a contraction in the economy, which can further impact the value of the currency.
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