任选期权又称选择人期权(Chooser Option)，指在—定期限内可由多头选择该期权为看涨期权还是看跌期权的期权。An option where the investor has the opportunity to choose whether the option is a put or call at a certain point in time during the life of the option. Also known as 'hermaphrodite option' or 'AC-DC option'.
英文名称：Dollarization 中文名称：美元化指一个经济体以美元取代本土货币的过程。美元化可以是非官方的，即不是政府强制要求的，而是人们自发的普遍使用美元；也可以是半官方的，在这样的国家，美元是合法的，但是相对本国货币来说只扮演次要角色；还可以是官方的，即该国家只使用美元，而停止发行本国货币。 A situation where the citizens of a country officially or unofficially use a foreign country's currency as legal tender for conducting transactions. The main reason for dollarization is because of greater stability in the value of the foreign currency over domestic currency. The downside of dollarization is that the country gives up its right to influence its own monetary policy by adjusting the money supply. For example, the citizens of a country with an economy undergoing rampant inflation may choose to use a historically stable currency (like the U.S. dollar) to conduct day-to-day transactions, because inflation will cause their domestic currency to have reduced buying power in a relatively short amount of time. Dollarization does not always involve the U.S. dollar as the adopted foreign currency. The euro has also been adopted by non-EU members as its domestic currency.
英文名称：Critical Mass 中文名称：关键规模指公司发展过程中所经历的重要阶段或关键时期。e.g. Japanese components maker TDK Corp. (TDK) on Thursday said it will buy German electronic parts maker Epcos AG (EPCYY) in a deal valued at EUR1.4 billion as it seeks critical mass in a sector that's crowded but caught in a squeeze between falling prices and the slowing global economy. TDK shares fell 4.2% to $58.A very important or crucial stage in a company's development, where the business activity acquires self-sustaining viability. When a company reaches critical mass, it is thought that they can remain viable without having to add any more investment. This term is derived from nuclear physics, where critical mass is defined as the smallest mass of material that can sustain a nuclear reaction at a constant level. When compared to the financial definition, we see the similarities – being self-sustaining is the goal.
英文名称：Dummy Shareholder 中文名称：名义股东／虚设股东又叫“挂名股东”，其名下虽然持有股份，但实际上，股份的真正所有人却不是此人。A person who holds shares in his or her name, but the shares are really owned by someone else. An example might be a person holding shares on behalf of his or her spouse.
英文名称：Capital Appreciation Fund 中文名称：资本升值基金旨在通过投资公司股票，并通过股票价格上涨实现资本升值的基金。e.g. Amid concerns of an economic slowdown, Federated Investors capital appreciation fund still sees growth opportunities in energy, defense and consumer staples.A mutual fund that attempts to increase asset value primarily through investments in growth stocks. The heavy investment in growth stocks increases the risk associated with these types of funds. Also called "aggressive growth fund".As its name suggests, a capital appreciation fund seeks to deliver value to shareholders by investing in companies with appreciating share prices.This type of fund is the exact opposite of an income or dividend fund, which focuses on investing in companies that pay shareholders a dividend. In addition to risk tolerance, something else to consider when analyzing these different types of funds is the fact that capital gains are usually taxed lower than interest income.
英文名称：Durables 中文名称：耐用品指不易被消耗或者损耗的消费品，其使用时间较长久，不需要经常性购买。在经济学中，与“非耐用品”相对。 A category of consumer goods, durables are products that do not have to be purchased frequently. Some examples of durables are appliances, home and office furnishings, lawn and garden equipment, consumer electronics, toy makers, small tool manufacturers, sporting goods, photographic equipment, and jewelry. Also known as "durable goods". Consumer goods are often classified as durables or non-durables. Durables are the stuff you buy to last, like a TV or a freezer.
英文名称：Dividend Reinvestment Plan 中文名称：股息再投资计划公司向股东提供的投资计划，股东可以选择将现金股息在派息当日购入公司的股份。e.g. BP p.l.c. was advised on 3 July 2008, by Equiniti that Mr. I.C. Conn, a Director of BP p.l.c. received 313 BP Ordinary shares (ISIN number GB0007980591) on 13 June 2008 at GBP5.9672 per share, through the BP dividend reinvestment plan. A plan offered by a corporation that allows investors to reinvest their cash dividends by purchasing additional shares or fractional shares on the dividend payment date. A DRIP is an excellent way to increase the value of your investment. Most DRIPs allow you to buy shares commission free and at a significant discount to the current share price. Most DRIPS don't allow reinvestments much lower than $10. This term is sometimes abbreviated as "DRP".
英文名称：Dummy Director 中文名称：挂名董事／名义董事指在公司董事会内按照非董事意愿进行投票表决的董事会成员。A person on a company's board of directors who votes and acts on the wishes of a non board member. Also known as an accommodation director.
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